Review article

The restoration of Palmyra Arch of Triumph, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, requires large-scale comprehensive scientific research, the most important element of which is the analysis of the materials used in the structure erection. In addition to obtaining the missing information about the types, compositions and properties of historical materials, it is necessary to determine the main destructive factors of the environment that must be taken into account during restoration in order to ensure the necessary longevity of the structures of the object. Over the period of the Arch existence, the restoration works have been repeatedly carried out, therefore, the study of materials also allows identifying what and how was changed as a result repair interventions of later time period. The article considers the generalized results of a full-scale survey, as well as laboratory studies of samples of building materials selected from various Arch structures. The composition and properties of materials, their susceptibility to destruction under the influence of anthropogenic and natural influences are determined. The data obtained make it possible to make a scientifically sound choice of a system of restoration materials and develop technologies for the restoration and preservation of the monument.