Review article

The article substantiates the expediency of application of structural adaptation of the cutting bits for work on difficult-structured foliated rocks with layers intermittent by strength. On the rocks of the preferred drilling by cutting (with strength up to 7), not only the system of «cutting- roller cone» seems promising (i.e., the combined bit), but the «cutting-cutting» system as well. Being formulated on the basis of analysis of scientific research and design development the conditions that define adaptation, allowed to substantiate the adaptable parameters of the cutting bits and their limit values and variability of structures, to obtain a generalized scheme of the cutting drilling bit displays in the possible technical solutions. Thus, adaptive cutting bits depending on external conditions (the strength of drilled rock, features of the layer bedding, etc.) provide the change of its structure in automatic mode in order to optimize the drilling process.